{"id":615,"date":"2026-09-30T14:59:09","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T14:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academic.pargaidefenceacademy.in\/class-6th\/?p=615"},"modified":"2026-09-30T23:47:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T23:47:15","slug":"ch-12-local-government-in-urban-areas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/academic.pargaidefenceacademy.in\/class-6th\/2026\/09\/30\/ch-12-local-government-in-urban-areas\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch &#8211; 12, Local Government in Urban Areas"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-615\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-615-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-615-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-615-0-0-0\" class=\"widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div id=\"AGNIVEER-CH12-FIXED-HINDI-UK\" style=\"max-width:850px;margin:15px auto;border:3px solid #37474f;border-radius:16px;overflow:hidden;font-family:'Noto Sans Devanagari',Arial,sans-serif;background:#fff;height:620px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;box-shadow:0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg,#37474f,#546e7a);padding:12px;text-align:center;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<div style=\"display:inline-block;background:#fff;color:#37474f;padding:7px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\ud83c\udfd9\ufe0f \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 - \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e 6 - \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 12 - \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"color:#eceff1;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:4px;\">Grassroots Democracy Part 3 Urban Local Bodies - \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"ch12MainHindiUK\" style=\"flex:1;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;background:#eceff1;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;\">\n\n<!-- Page 1 - \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e -->\n<div id=\"ch12p1h\" style=\"display:block;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 1\/5 - \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#37474f;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - City like Kolkata Chennai Mumbai more complex and diverse than village or town - huge diverse population<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932?<\/b> Kolkata, Chennai, Mumbai \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 Complex \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 Diverse - \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 - \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f, \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917 - \u0928\u094c\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930, \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u093e - Local bus service, Local trains, Metro - \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 Culture Food habits Festivals Clothing Traditional life styles \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f Urban Local Bodies:<\/b> \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 - Decentralized \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 - \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947 - Central authority \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 - Residents \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Best \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0902<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>74\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u0928:<\/b> 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 1992 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0948\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e - Part IX-A \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e Article 243-P to 243-ZG - Municipalities \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 - Twelfth Schedule \u092e\u0947\u0902 18 functional items - 5 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;\">\ud83c\udfaf \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c - Kolkata Chennai Mumbai complex diverse - 74th Amendment 1992 Part IX-A - \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u094b!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 2 - \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 -->\n<div id=\"ch12p2h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 2\/5 - \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #0d47a1;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#0d47a1;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Three types - Municipal Corporation above 10 lakh - Municipal Council 1 to 10 lakh - Nagar Panchayat below 1 lakh transitional area<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Municipal Corporation \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e \/ Mahanagar Nigam:<\/b> 10 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 Population above 10 lakhs \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - Chennai \u0914\u0930 Indore \u092e\u0947\u0902 Municipal Corporation \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 - Oldest municipal institution India \u092e\u0947\u0902 Madras Corporation - \u0905\u092c Greater Chennai Corporation - 1792 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Parliamentary Act \u0938\u0947 power - Fort St George \u0938\u0947 16 km \u0924\u0915 1791 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - Mayor \u092e\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 Head<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Municipal Council \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \/ Municipality:<\/b> 1 \u0938\u0947 10 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 Cities between 1 and 10 lakhs - \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 Smaller Urban area - 1 lakh \u0938\u0947 10 lakh - Nagar Palika \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - Chief officer Engineer Sanitary Inspector Health officer Education officer \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>Nagar Panchayat \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924:<\/b> 1 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 Smaller populations below 1 lakh \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0947 - Transitional area - \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 - Rural \u0938\u0947 Urban \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 - Town area \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092c\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u093e<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 3 - \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 -->\n<div id=\"ch12p3h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 3\/5 - \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Cities towns divided into smaller sections wards - Ward committees help various activities - functioning varies state to state<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 Wards:<\/b> \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 Wards \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0901\u091f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e - Population \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 - \u0939\u0930 Ward \u0938\u0947 Representative \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 Elected - Town Wards \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0901\u091f\u093e - Ward \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f Ward committees:<\/b> \u0915\u0908 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 - Health camps \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0930 Organize, Single-use plastics \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092b Campaign, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947 Monitor - Water leaks \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935, Blocked drains \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u092e, Damaged roads \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u091c\u0930 - \u0939\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917 State rules \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e:<\/b> Mayor \u0914\u0930 Deputy Mayor Corporation \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - Corporation \u0915\u0908 Committees \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f - Chief executive officer \u092f\u093e Municipal Commissioner \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 - Aldermen \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 Popular respected citizens - MPs MLAs \u092d\u0940 Corporation \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e - SC ST Women \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Seats reserved \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 - Aldermen \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u0940<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#e8f5e9;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;\">\ud83c\udfaf Ward = \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e - Ward Committee health camp plastic campaign water leak drain road monitor!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 4 - \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f -->\n<div id=\"ch12p4h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 4\/5 - \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #bf360c;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#bf360c;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Functions include construction maintenance infrastructure burial ground garbage water schools healthcare taxes fines essential services<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f:<\/b> Infrastructure \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 - Roads, Streetlights, Drains \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0947\u0902, \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091f \u0932\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0947\u0902, \u0928\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 - Burial ground \u0936\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 - Garbage collection and disposal \u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092a\u091f\u093e\u0928 - Water supply \u092a\u0947\u092f\u091c\u0932 \u0914\u0930 Water pipes Tanks - Primary schools Healthcare system \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e - Immunisation Local clinics \u091f\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0915<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f:<\/b> Government welfare schemes \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 - Local economic social development \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e - Markets Small businesses \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f - Licences Certificates \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 - Birth Death certificates \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930, Trade licences \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938 - Local taxes fines fees \u0935\u0938\u0942\u0932\u0928\u093e - Waste collection Water supply \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Fees - Citizens \u0915\u0947 contribution \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e upkeep<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>Swachh Survekshan \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923:<\/b> Indore Chennai \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 - Indore Municipal Corporation \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0923\u0940 - Madhya Pradesh Swachh Survekshan \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 5 - \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 -->\n<div id=\"ch12p5h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#b71c1c;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcdd \u092d\u093e\u0917 5\/5 - \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #b71c1c;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#b71c1c;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Important because bring governance close to people solve local problems quickly - one-third reservation women widened participatory democracy<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935:<\/b> \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 - Residents \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 Elected representatives \u0915\u094b Accountable \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - Water roads waste collection \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901 Daily services \u091c\u094b Quality of life \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - Local development Planning \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 - \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 neighbourhood communities<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Participatory democracy \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930:<\/b> Urban bodies \u092e\u0947\u0902 One-third reservation of women \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915-\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947 Participatory democracy \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e - Existence \u0928\u0947 Central \u0914\u0930 State Government \u0915\u093e Burden \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 Effective \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e - Decentralized units \u091c\u094b Towns Cities \u0915\u0940 Everyday needs \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - Residents \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 Monitor \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 Accountable governance<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940:<\/b> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Residents \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0902 - Waste segregation \u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 Collection \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 - Water leak \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0940 Report \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Participatory democracy \u092e\u0947\u0902 Electing Reporting Regulations \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 - Surroundings \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 Democracy effective City smooth - Rural Panchayats \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930 Urban life \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Adapted<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1.<\/b> \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">Corporation 10 lakh \u090a\u092a\u0930 Mahanagar Nigam, Council 1-10 lakh Nagar Palika, Nagar Panchayat 1 lakh \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 Transitional<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2.<\/b> \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">Madras Corporation Greater Chennai 1792 Act Fort St George 16 km 1791<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 3.<\/b> \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">One-third reservation urban bodies - participatory democracy widened<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;text-align:center;padding:8px;border-radius:8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:12px;\">\u2705 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0938\u0947 - \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 74th Amendment Part IX-A 18 items - \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:12px 14px;background:#cfd8dc;border-top:3px solid #37474f;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"ch12PrevHUK();return false;\" style=\"background:#546e7a;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u2190 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947<\/button>\n<span id=\"ch12InfoHUK\" style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;color:#37474f;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;\">1 \/ 5<\/span>\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"ch12NextHUK();return false;\" style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u0906\u0917\u0947 \u2192<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<script>\n(function(){\nvar cur=1; var total=5;\nwindow.ch12ShowHUK=function(n){\nfor(var i=1;i<=total;i++){var el=document.getElementById('ch12p'+i+'h'); if(el) el.style.display='none';}\nvar c=document.getElementById('ch12p'+n+'h'); if(c) c.style.display='block';\nvar info=document.getElementById('ch12InfoHUK'); if(info) info.innerHTML=n+' \/ '+total;\nvar main=document.getElementById('ch12MainHindiUK'); if(main) main.scrollTop=0;\ncur=n;\n};\nwindow.ch12NextHUK=function(){var n=cur+1; if(n>total) n=1; window.ch12ShowHUK(n);};\nwindow.ch12PrevHUK=function(){var n=cur-1; if(n<1) n=total; window.ch12ShowHUK(n);};\nwindow.ch12ShowHUK(1);\n})();\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-615-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-615-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-615-1-0-0\" class=\"widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div id=\"AGNIVEER-CH12-MCQ-HINDI-UK\" style=\"max-width:850px;margin:15px auto;border:3px solid #37474f;border-radius:16px;overflow:hidden;font-family:'Noto Sans Devanagari',Arial,sans-serif;background:#fff;height:650px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;box-shadow:0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg,#37474f,#546e7a);padding:12px;text-align:center;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<div style=\"display:inline-block;background:#fff;color:#37474f;padding:7px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\ud83c\udfd9\ufe0f \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 - \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 12 - 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 - \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"color:#eceff1;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:4px;\">\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 - \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"mcq12MainHindiUK\" style=\"flex:1;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;background:#eceff1;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;\">\n\n<!-- Q1 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p1h\" style=\"display:block;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1\/10 - \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1. Kolkata Chennai Mumbai \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902? - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940 Different states religion caste economic - Job opportunities Better infrastructure Local bus trains Metro - Culture Food habits Festivals Clothing Traditional life styles \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0938\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - City complex and diverse than village town - huge diverse population<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q2 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p2h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2\/10 - \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2. \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902? - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 - Decentralized \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 - \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 Central \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 - Residents Best \u092b\u0948\u0938\u0932\u0947 - 74th Amendment 1992 Part IX-A Article 243-P to 243-ZG 18 items 5 \u0938\u093e\u0932<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Governing institutions managing cities towns - Twelfth Schedule<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q3 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p3h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 3\/10 - \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 3. \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0940?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Municipal Corporation 10 lakh \u090a\u092a\u0930 Larger Urban Mahanagar Nigam Chennai Indore Mayor, Municipal Council 1-10 lakh Smaller Urban Nagar Palika, Nagar Panchayat 1 lakh \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 Transitional rural to urban - Town Wards \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0901\u091f\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Corporation above 10 lakh Council 1-10 lakh Nagar Panchayat below 1 lakh - \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 POINT!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q4 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p4h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 4\/10 - \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 4. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Madras Corporation \u0905\u092c Greater Chennai Corporation - 1792 Parliamentary Act - Fort St George \u0938\u0947 16 km \u0924\u0915 1791 \u092e\u0947\u0902 power<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) Mumbai Corporation<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) Delhi Corporation<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) Kolkata Corporation<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Oldest municipal institution India - \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 POINT!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q5 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p5h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 5\/10 - \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 5. \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e Smaller sections Wards - \u0939\u0930 Ward \u0938\u0947 Representative elected - Ward committees Health camps Organize Single-use plastics Campaign Monitor water leaks blocked drains damaged roads - State to State varies<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Cities towns divided into Wards - Ward committees help various activities<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q6 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p6h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 6\/10 - \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 6. Municipal Corporation \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Mayor Deputy Mayor \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947 - Committees \u0926\u093f\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u092e - Municipal Commissioner Chief executive officer \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 - Aldermen \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 Popular respected - MPs MLAs \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e - SC ST Women Seats reserved - Chief officer Engineer Sanitary Inspector Health Education officer state public service<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b Mayor<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Mayor Head - Corporation creates Committees<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q7 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p7h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 7\/10 - \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 7. \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Infrastructure Roads Streetlights Drains \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935, Burial ground, Garbage collection disposal, Water supply pipes tanks, Primary schools Healthcare immunisation clinics, Welfare schemes, Markets Small businesses Licences Certificates Birth Death Trade, Local taxes fines fees waste water - Essential services<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u091f\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Construction maintenance infrastructure - daily needs water garbage parks burial<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q8 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p8h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 8\/10 - \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 8. \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902? - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c Governance close - \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 Quickly solve - Residents \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 Elected representatives Accountable - Daily services Water roads waste Quality of life - Local development Planning neighbourhood needs - Residents \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 Monitor Accountable governance - Central State burden lighter effective<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Form of local government urban areas daily needs - service delivery planning civic amenities<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q9 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p9h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 9\/10 - \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 9. \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) One-third reservation - \u090f\u0915-\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0908 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 - Participatory democracy \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e Widened concept - SC ST Women seats reserved<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) 10% \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) 50% \u0906\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - With one-third reservation women urban bodies widened participatory democracy - \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 POINT!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q10 -->\n<div id=\"mcq12p10h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 10\/10 - \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 10. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#eceff1;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Waste segregation \u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e Collection \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928, Water leak \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0940 Report \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u091a\u0924\u093e - Electing Reporting Regulations \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 - Surroundings \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 Democracy effective City smooth - Rural Panchayats \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930 Urban life Adapted - Swachh Survekshan Indore Chennai<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u091a\u0930\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Residents responsibility seriously - Participatory democracy - accountability transparency<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;text-align:center;padding:10px;border-radius:8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:12px;\">\ud83c\udfaf \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 - Corporation 10 lakh \u090a\u092a\u0930 Mayor - Council 1-10 lakh - Nagar Panchayat 1 lakh \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 - Madras oldest 1792 - Ward health camp plastic leak - One-third women - \u0938\u092c \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:12px 14px;background:#cfd8dc;border-top:3px solid #37474f;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"mcq12PrevHUK();return false;\" style=\"background:#546e7a;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u2190 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947<\/button>\n<span id=\"mcq12InfoHUK\" style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #37474f;color:#37474f;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;\">1 \/ 10<\/span>\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"mcq12NextHUK();return false;\" style=\"background:#37474f;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u0906\u0917\u0947 \u2192<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<script>\n(function(){\nvar cur=1; var total=10;\nwindow.mcq12ShowHUK=function(n){\nfor(var i=1;i<=total;i++){var el=document.getElementById('mcq12p'+i+'h'); if(el) el.style.display='none';}\nvar c=document.getElementById('mcq12p'+n+'h'); if(c) c.style.display='block';\nvar info=document.getElementById('mcq12InfoHUK'); if(info) info.innerHTML=n+' \/ '+total;\nvar main=document.getElementById('mcq12MainHindiUK'); if(main) main.scrollTop=0;\ncur=n;\n};\nwindow.mcq12NextHUK=function(){var n=cur+1; if(n>total) n=1; window.mcq12ShowHUK(n);};\nwindow.mcq12PrevHUK=function(){var n=cur-1; if(n<1) n=total; window.mcq12ShowHUK(n);};\nwindow.mcq12ShowHUK(1);\n})();\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83c\udfd9\ufe0f \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 &#8211; \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e 6 &#8211; \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 12 &#8211; \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 Grassroots Democracy Part 3 Urban Local Bodies &#8211; \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 1\/5 &#8211; \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 &#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; City like Kolkata Chennai Mumbai more complex [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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