{"id":588,"date":"2026-09-30T14:16:02","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T14:16:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academic.pargaidefenceacademy.in\/class-6th\/?p=588"},"modified":"2026-09-30T14:19:14","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T14:19:14","slug":"ch-6-beginnings-of-indian-civilisation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/academic.pargaidefenceacademy.in\/class-6th\/2026\/09\/30\/ch-6-beginnings-of-indian-civilisation\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch 6 &#8211; Beginnings of Indian Civilisation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-588\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-588-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-588-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-588-0-0-0\" class=\"widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div id=\"AGNIVEER-CH6-FIXED-HINDI\" style=\"max-width:850px;margin:15px auto;border:3px solid #3e2723;border-radius:16px;overflow:hidden;font-family:'Noto Sans Devanagari',Arial,sans-serif;background:#fff;height:620px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;box-shadow:0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg,#3e2723,#5d4037);padding:12px;text-align:center;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<div style=\"display:inline-block;background:#fff;color:#3e2723;padding:7px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\ud83c\udffa \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 - \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e 6 - \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 6 - \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924<\/div>\n<div style=\"color:#d7ccc8;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:4px;\">Beginnings of Indian Civilisation - \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941-\u0938\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"ch6MainHindi\" style=\"flex:1;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;background:#efebe9;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;\">\n\n<!-- Page 1 - \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092f -->\n<div id=\"ch6p1h\" style=\"display:block;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 1\/5 - \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092f - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#3e2723;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Archaeologists \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u090f - \u0939\u092e \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0915\u0908 \u0928\u093e\u092e:<\/b> 'Indus', 'Harappan', 'Indus-Sarasvati' \u092f\u093e 'Sindhu-Sarasvati' \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e - \u0939\u092e \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 - \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b 'Harappans' \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Harappan \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902?<\/b> Harappa \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u094b\u0926\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e - 1920-21 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 100 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 - \u0906\u091c Pakistan \u0915\u0947 Punjab \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f Harappans<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0938\u092e\u092f:<\/b> \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 2600 \u0938\u0947 1900 BCE - Fig 6.2 Timeline - 3500 BCE \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u092c\u0938\u0947 - 2600 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0947 - \u0907\u0938\u0947 First Urbanisation of India \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>Mesopotamia \u0914\u0930 Egypt:<\/b> Mesopotamia \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e 6000 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 (Iraq Syria), Egypt \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 - Indian Subcontinent \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 2 - \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 -->\n<div id=\"ch6p2h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 2\/5 - \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #01579b;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#01579b;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Punjab \u0914\u0930 Sindh \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 - Indus \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Indus River \u0914\u0930 Tributaries:<\/b> Punjab (\u0906\u091c India Pakistan \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0901\u091f\u093e) \u0914\u0930 Sindh (\u0906\u091c Pakistan \u092e\u0947\u0902) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u092c\u0928\u0947 - \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 - Tributary \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 - \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 Yamuna Ganga \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u0940<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Sarasvati River:<\/b> \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 Himalaya \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0932\u0939\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940 - Fig 6.3 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0915\u094d\u0936\u093e - \u0906\u091c Ghaggar \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 India \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 Hakra \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 Pakistan \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0905\u092c seasonal (\u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e\u0940) \u0928\u0926\u0940 - Rig Veda \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0936\u0939\u0930 Sarasvati \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902:<\/b> Rakhigarhi \u0914\u0930 Ganweriwala \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 - Kalibangan, Banawali \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 - Indus \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Dholavira<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#e1f5fe;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;\">\ud83c\udfaf \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 - Sarasvati \u0906\u091c Ghaggar-Hakra River - seasonal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 3 - \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e -->\n<div id=\"ch6p3h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 3\/5 - \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Harappan cities carefully planned - wide streets aligned to cardinal directions<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e:<\/b> \u091a\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0947\u0902 cardinal directions (\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 - Upper Town \u0905\u092e\u0940\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 Lower Town \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f - \u0915\u093f\u0932\u0947\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f - Uniform fired bricks \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0908\u0902\u091f<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>Great Bath - Mohenjo-daro:<\/b> 12x7 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 - waterproof - \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 - public health \u0914\u0930 engineering \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928:<\/b> Drainage system \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 - wastewater disposal - Brick wells, ponds, streams - Dholavira \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 reservoirs 73 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e - water storage \u0914\u0930 harvesting<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>\u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902:<\/b> Government and Administration, Urbanism - planned cities roads drainage, Craftsmanship and Technology - metalworking pottery, Trade internal external, Writing System - seals \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0917\u0908, Cultural Ideas - art architecture<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 4 - \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 -->\n<div id=\"ch6p4h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 4\/5 - \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940, \u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #bf360c;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#bf360c;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Agriculture supported urban life - Trade was important<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940:<\/b> \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901, \u091c\u094c, \u0926\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947 - \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 - \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0938\u0947<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a:<\/b> Bronze metallurgy, \u092e\u0928\u0915\u0947, \u0906\u092d\u0942\u0937\u0923, \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 Terracotta figurines, \u092e\u0941\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f - Standardised weights and measures - \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091f \u092e\u093e\u092a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930:<\/b> \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 - Mesopotamia \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 - Harappan seals \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 - spices, metals, textiles \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 - Long-distance trade<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\">\u2705 <b>\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e:<\/b> \u092e\u0941\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f - record-keeping \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f - \u0905\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0917\u0908 Undeciphered - Mother Goddess \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 - Great Bath \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Page 5 - \u092a\u0924\u0928 -->\n<div id=\"ch6p5h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#b71c1c;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:12px;\">\ud83d\udcdd \u092d\u093e\u0917 5\/5 - \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border-left:6px solid #b71c1c;border-radius:10px;padding:14px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;color:#b71c1c;font-size:13px;\">\u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Decline \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;font-weight:500;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">\u2705 <b>\u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923:<\/b> 1) Climate change - \u0915\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 Reduced rainfall, 2) Sarasvati river dried up in its central basin - \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 Kalibangan \u092f\u093e Banawali \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f Abandoned<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;\">\u2705 <b>\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902:<\/b> \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947 - \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u091f\u0928\u093e, \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c - \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0924\u093e - \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 rulers \u0928\u0947 control \u0916\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1.<\/b> Harappan \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">Harappa \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 1920-21 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u094b\u0926\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2.<\/b> \u0938\u092e\u092f? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">2600 \u0938\u0947 1900 BCE - \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 3500 BCE \u0938\u0947<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 3.<\/b> Sarasvati \u0906\u091c \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">Ghaggar India \u092e\u0947\u0902 Hakra Pakistan \u092e\u0947\u0902 - seasonal<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\"><b>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 4.<\/b> Great Bath \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901? <span style=\"background:#ffebee;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;\">Mohenjo-daro - 12x7m waterproof<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;text-align:center;padding:8px;border-radius:8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:12px;\">\u2705 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0938\u0947 - \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 - Sindhu-Sarasvati \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u094b!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:12px 14px;background:#d7ccc8;border-top:3px solid #3e2723;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"ch6PrevH();return false;\" style=\"background:#546e7a;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u2190 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947<\/button>\n<span id=\"ch6InfoH\" style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;color:#3e2723;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;\">1 \/ 5<\/span>\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"ch6NextH();return false;\" style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u0906\u0917\u0947 \u2192<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<script>\n(function(){\nvar cur=1; var total=5;\nwindow.ch6ShowH=function(n){\nfor(var i=1;i<=total;i++){var el=document.getElementById('ch6p'+i+'h'); if(el) el.style.display='none';}\nvar c=document.getElementById('ch6p'+n+'h'); if(c) c.style.display='block';\nvar info=document.getElementById('ch6InfoH'); if(info) info.innerHTML=n+' \/ '+total;\nvar main=document.getElementById('ch6MainHindi'); if(main) main.scrollTop=0;\ncur=n;\n};\nwindow.ch6NextH=function(){var n=cur+1; if(n>total) n=1; window.ch6ShowH(n);};\nwindow.ch6PrevH=function(){var n=cur-1; if(n<1) n=total; window.ch6ShowH(n);};\nwindow.ch6ShowH(1);\n})();\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-588-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-588-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-588-1-0-0\" class=\"widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><div id=\"AGNIVEER-CH6-MCQ-HINDI\" style=\"max-width:850px;margin:15px auto;border:3px solid #3e2723;border-radius:16px;overflow:hidden;font-family:'Noto Sans Devanagari',Arial,sans-serif;background:#fff;height:650px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;box-shadow:0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg,#3e2723,#5d4037);padding:12px;text-align:center;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<div style=\"display:inline-block;background:#fff;color:#3e2723;padding:7px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\ud83c\udffa \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 - \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 6 - 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 - \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924<\/div>\n<div style=\"color:#d7ccc8;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:4px;\">\u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0928\u092f\u093e NCERT - Sindhu-Sarasvati \u0928\u093e\u092e - \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"mcq6MainHindi\" style=\"flex:1;overflow-y:auto;overflow-x:hidden;background:#efebe9;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;\">\n\n<!-- Q1 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p1h\" style=\"display:block;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1\/10 - \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1. \u0928\u090f NCERT \u092e\u0947\u0902 Harappan \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Indus, Harappan, Indus-Sarasvati \u092f\u093e Sindhu-Sarasvati \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e - \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 Harappan \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 Indus \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u092e\u0947\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094b\u091f\u093e\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0928\u092f\u093e NCERT - Sindhu-Sarasvati - \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 2024 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e - \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b Harappans \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q2 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p2h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2\/10 - \u0938\u092e\u092f<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2. Sindhu-Sarasvati \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 2600 \u0938\u0947 1900 BCE - Fig 6.2 Timeline - \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 3500 BCE \u0938\u0947, \u0936\u0939\u0930 2600 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) 6000 BCE<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) 1947 CE<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) 560 BCE<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) 2600-1900 BCE - \u0907\u0938\u0947 First Urbanisation of India \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q3 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p3h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 3\/10 - \u0938\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0906\u091c<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 3. Sarasvati \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0906\u091c \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Ghaggar India \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 Hakra Pakistan \u092e\u0947\u0902 - seasonal \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 - Rig Veda \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u092f\u092e\u0941\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Himalaya \u0938\u0947 Haryana Punjab Rajasthan Gujarat \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q4 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p4h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 4\/10 - Harappa \u0916\u0941\u0926\u093e\u0908<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 4. Harappa \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u092c \u0916\u094b\u0926\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) 1920-21 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 100 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 - \u0906\u091c Pakistan \u0915\u0947 Punjab \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f Harappans \u0928\u093e\u092e<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) 1947 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) 2020 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) 1500 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Harappa \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093e\u092e<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q5 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p5h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 5\/10 - \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 5. Sarasvati \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902? - \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Rakhigarhi \u0914\u0930 Ganweriwala - \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 - Kalibangan Banawali \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0908<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u094b\u0932\u0915\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0908<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092f\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Indus \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Mohenjo-daro Harappa Dholavira<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q6 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p6h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 6\/10 - \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 6. Harappan \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0925\u0940\u0902?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u091a\u094c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0947\u0902 cardinal directions \u092e\u0947\u0902 - \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e - Upper Town Lower Town - \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0908\u0902\u091f<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u091f\u0947\u0922\u093c\u0940-\u092e\u0947\u0922\u093c\u0940<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - carefully planned - \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0932<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q7 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p7h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 7\/10 - Great Bath<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 7. Great Bath \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Mohenjo-daro \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 12x7 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 - waterproof - \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) Harappa \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 5x5 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 10x10 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) Rakhigarhi \u092e\u0947\u0902 - 20x20 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - public health \u0914\u0930 engineering \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q8 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p8h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 8\/10 - \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 8. Dholavira \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0925\u093e? - \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 reservoirs 73 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e - water storage \u0914\u0930 harvesting - drainage system \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0915\u0941\u090f\u0901<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Brick wells ponds streams reservoirs<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q9 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p9h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 9\/10 - \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 9. Harappans \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u0915 \u0925\u093e?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Mesopotamia (Iraq Syria) \u0924\u0915 - \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 - seals \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 - Standardised weights<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0924\u0915<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b India \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u093e exact - Long-distance trade - spices metals textiles<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Q10 -->\n<div id=\"mcq6p10h\" style=\"display:none;padding:16px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;display:inline-block;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-bottom:10px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 10\/10 - \u092a\u0924\u0928<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;border-radius:10px;padding:12px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 10. \u0928\u090f NCERT \u092e\u0947\u0902 Harappan \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/p>\n<div style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;\">\n<div style=\"background:#efebe9;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:6px;margin-bottom:4px;font-weight:bold;\">\u0915) Climate change \u0915\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u0914\u0930 Sarasvati \u0928\u0926\u0940 central basin \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u0916 \u0917\u0908 - Kalibangan Banawali \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u093f\u090f Abandoned<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0916) \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0917) \u092d\u0942\u0915\u0902\u092a<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 10px;\">\u0918) \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#c8e6c9;border-left:4px solid #2e7d32;border-radius:6px;padding:8px;margin-top:10px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;color:#2e7d32;\">\u2705 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930: \u0915) \u0928\u092f\u093e NCERT - \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 - \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u091f\u0928\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c rulers \u0928\u0947 control \u0916\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;text-align:center;padding:10px;border-radius:8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:11px;margin-top:12px;\">\ud83c\udfaf \u0928\u092f\u093e NCERT - Sindhu-Sarasvati \u0928\u093e\u092e - Ghaggar-Hakra - Great Bath 12x7 - \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 Sarasvati \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0940 - \u0938\u092c \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926!<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:12px 14px;background:#d7ccc8;border-top:3px solid #3e2723;flex-shrink:0;\">\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"mcq6PrevH();return false;\" style=\"background:#546e7a;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u2190 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947<\/button>\n<span id=\"mcq6InfoH\" style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #3e2723;color:#3e2723;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:20px;font-weight:bold;font-size:12px;\">1 \/ 10<\/span>\n<button type=\"button\" onclick=\"mcq6NextH();return false;\" style=\"background:#3e2723;color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:25px;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;touch-action:manipulation;\">\u0906\u0917\u0947 \u2192<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<script>\n(function(){\nvar cur=1; var total=10;\nwindow.mcq6ShowH=function(n){\nfor(var i=1;i<=total;i++){var el=document.getElementById('mcq6p'+i+'h'); if(el) el.style.display='none';}\nvar c=document.getElementById('mcq6p'+n+'h'); if(c) c.style.display='block';\nvar info=document.getElementById('mcq6InfoH'); if(info) info.innerHTML=n+' \/ '+total;\nvar main=document.getElementById('mcq6MainHindi'); if(main) main.scrollTop=0;\ncur=n;\n};\nwindow.mcq6NextH=function(){var n=cur+1; if(n>total) n=1; window.mcq6ShowH(n);};\nwindow.mcq6PrevH=function(){var n=cur-1; if(n<1) n=total; window.mcq6ShowH(n);};\nwindow.mcq6ShowH(1);\n})();\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83c\udffa \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0940\u0930 &#8211; \u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e 6 &#8211; \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f 6 &#8211; \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 Beginnings of Indian Civilisation &#8211; \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u0941-\u0938\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e &#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \ud83d\udcd6 \u092d\u093e\u0917 1\/5 &#8211; \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u092f &#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; Archaeologists \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u090f &#8211; \u0939\u092e \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u2705 \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u093e\u092e: &#8216;Indus&#8217;, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ch 6 - Beginnings of Indian Civilisation &#187; 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